What term is used to describe the measurements of the Earth’s surface?

The correct answer is the term that refers to the measurements of the Earth's surface, which is "Geodetics." Geodetics is a branch of applied mathematics and Earth sciences that deals with the determination of the Earth's size and shape, as well as the gravitational field and the representation of the Earth in a three-dimensional space. It involves precise measurement techniques and methods to understand and calculate various aspects of the Earth's topography, helping in navigation, mapping, and Earth observation.

While geography deals with the study of places and the relationships between people and their environments, and geometry focuses on mathematical shapes and their properties, both do not specifically entail the measured aspects of the Earth's surface. Cartography, on the other hand, is the art and science of making maps, which is a product that can result from the study of geodetics but is not the term used to describe the measurements themselves.