What theory suggests that the best government promotes the common welfare over individual class interests?

The theory that suggests the best government promotes the common welfare over individual class interests is rooted in the principles of Classical Republicanism. This philosophical approach emphasizes the role of citizens in promoting the common good and societal welfare rather than focusing solely on individual rights or interests. It advocates for a government structure that encourages civic virtue, active participation in civic life, and consideration of the welfare of the community as a whole.

Classical Republicanism is grounded in the belief that a well-functioning society relies on its citizens taking responsibility for the community, thus ensuring that governance is conducted in a way that benefits all members rather than just specific groups or classes. This aligns with the ideal that political power should be exercised in a manner that reflects and advances the public good.

In contrast, the other theories focus on differing aspects of governance and society. Social Contract Theory centers on the idea that individuals consent to form a government to protect their rights, often emphasizing individual liberty over collective welfare. Utilitarianism evaluates actions based on their outcomes for overall happiness but does not specifically center on a government structure. Libertarianism prioritizes individual freedom and minimal government intervention, often at the expense of communal needs. Therefore, Classical Republicanism stands out as the correct answer for promoting the common welfare above individual