Which type of citizenship is NOT based on parental citizenship?

The type of citizenship that is not based on parental citizenship is jus soli. This principle grants citizenship to individuals based on the location of their birth. For example, anyone born on U.S. soil is automatically a U.S. citizen, regardless of the citizenship status of their parents.

In contrast, jus sanguinis, which translates to "right of blood," attributes citizenship based on the nationality or citizenship of one's parents. Under this principle, a child inherits the citizenship status of their parents, regardless of where they are born.

Naturalization, on the other hand, refers to the process through which a non-citizen voluntarily becomes a citizen of a country, typically after meeting certain criteria set by the host country. This process is distinct from jus soli and jus sanguinis because it involves legal procedures rather than automatic rights based on birth or parental citizenship. Thus, jus soli stands out as the principle that does not consider the citizenship of parents.